Generator:
A Generator is an electrical machine which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. Generators are available in two types:
- AC Generator
- DC Generator
Working Principle of DC Generator:
The basic working principle of a DC Generator is depending on the fact that an electrical conductor or coil moves across a magnetic field. It will produce an emf and hence electric current will flow into the conductor or coil. Initially, the current induced in the conductor or coil is alternating in nature.
To make this flow of current uni-directional or direct current, we need a commutator of the armature. The commutator will receive alternating current from the coil or conductor and will deliver direct current to the load circuit through a carbon brush.
The simplest form of DC Generator consists of a powerful temporary electromagnet which is termed a field magnet and coils, which are housed in an armature are rotated between the poles of the field magnet. The commutator is a cylindrical structure that is attached to the armature and is mounted on the same shaft of the armature. The segments of which are separated from one another using 0.5 mm to 1 mm. thick layers of mica as insulation.